There is more than one way to do this. Start at https://entra.microsoft.com/, go into Applicatoins/Enterprise Applications/<select your AnyConnect app>/Single Sign On, and edit (2) Attributes & Claims.
Then click "Add new claim". For the name enter "vpnpolicy". Expand "Claim Conditions". Set "User Type" to "Members". For "Scoped Group" select an existing Entra ID group. For the "Source" put "Attribute".
The attribute field is a down down list - but that is just a guide. Instead just type in the Meraki group policy that you want to apply.
Add as many claim conditions as required to match Entra ID groups to Meraki group policies.
I prefix my group policies that are used for VPNs with VPN- but you can use whatever naming convention you want.
On the Meraki side, make sure you put the same claim name in the AnyConnect config, in this case, vpnpolicy.