You should probably unenroll the device from Meraki MDM prior to sending it for repair. If the logic board was replaced at the Apple Store, and although the serial number stayed the same , other hardware identifiers like UUID etc might get changed. In this current situation, you may try to reformat.
If that does not work, the solution is to Delete (Remove From Network) the device from the list of Devices in Meraki Systems Manager. Then try to reenroll the device.