So I started noticing this a couple months ago - or, more specifically, noticing that it was becoming much more prevalent. We've been using Meraki equipment for ~2 years now, slowly replacing EOL Cisco routers with Meraki MX's wherever feasible. Since the start, I would occasionally see "GUID/UUID" type names for clients.
I'm not certain exactly when the GUID/UUID type names became the norm vs. the DHCP names, but it is "recent". I started poking around at this specific issue a couple days ago and like others in this thread, opened a case with Meraki support and got the same response outlining the priority list for client names.
EDIT: The prevalence of this issue coincided with a 2-3 month push to swap to MSEdge vs. Internet Explorer. The handful of GUID/UUID type names prior to this push most likely came from those folks using Chrome as their daily driver.
I then ran a couple packet captures on some LAN interfaces to capture the mDNS traffic, lo-and-behold, I saw workstations responding to mDNS queries with GUID-like names. Did some more poking around and found some info from ~2019 describing how WebRTC was being changed to use/respond to mDNS queries.
mDNS - WebRTC Glossary
PSA: mDNS and .local ICE candidates are coming • BlogGeek.me
I'm no guru on web-dev-speak, but as I understand it...Chrome & Edge will spin up a UDP 5353 (mDNS, Bonjour) listener and respond with a randomly generated ID if it hears a query. You can see evidence of this yourself by viewing listening ports (resource monitor -> Listening Ports) on any Windows 10 workstation running Chrome or Edge.
So...it's not technically a Meraki problem. It's a Chrome/Edge/WebRTC problem (not sure if it affects firefox).
I think the long-term fix is going to be for Meraki to allow us to pick the order/preference for client name resolution. Not sure how realistic that expectation is, but I've submitted some feedback requesting as much.