As the NPS error indicates, this is due to the introduction of strong mapping for certificates. From memory, the actual change for this is with the update on the domain controller, not the NPS. You will need to look at implementing some sort of strong mapping for certificates and reissuing them. For anything domain joined, newly issued certificates will automatically have the strong mapping. Existing certificates need to be re-issued to have the strong mapping. For Intune SCEP certificates, you need to update your SCEP configuration and reissue certificates For anything else non-domain joined, you need to look at the applicable documentation for what option is best. KB5014754: Certificate-based authentication changes on Windows domain controllers - Microsoft Support
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