So you're talking about a client that's wired to the network and sharing it's connection with another device over an ad-hoc wireless network of the other way around?
I think there are multiple ways that sharing can take place.
If it's based on Internet Connection Sharing the host performs NAT, so it's hard or sometimes impossible to detect because all guest traffic appears to be coming from the host. Blocking that functionality on the endpoint would be the way to proceed.
If it's using connection bridging, then the guests would appear as separate clients with their own MAC addresses and get their own IP addresses. That can be detected and mitigated by implementing 802.1X or sticky MAC whitelists.