Have an MX84 with firmware: MX 13.36
Cannot run Windows Update (on either Windows 7 or Win 10) with Threat Protection on. Disabled AMP & changed IPS to Detection Mode and it works.
I attempted to make the following AMP whitelists, but without success:
*.windowsupdate.com/*
*.microsoft.com/*
I can also document the issue from linux with:
wget http://download.windowsupdate.com/c/msdownload/update/others/2018/10/27555021_67b2474502ce5e63e1b326...
That fails with AMP on, and succeeds with AMP off, so I know it is not an issue with any of the Windows workstations.