Well, after reading the Add device page closely and understanding what is written there I came to the conclusion (inclusive a lot of failed tests with different configs) that Device Owner mode - Android Enterprise must be used to successfully enable Kiosk mode.
Also you must start with a "blank" device, either new or factory reset. Then when prompted for a username type: "awf#meraki". Only after this the KIOSK mode can be used, but don't forget to add an account so that you can download the needed APP(s) from the playstore. (the awf#meraki isn't enough to download anything from the playstore only the Meraki SM app).
Hope this helps a little bit for all the ones that are struggling with Kiosk mode and android.
Thijs van Yperen