Ok so that's laser-optimized 50-micron multimode fiber - what's the length of the fiber run? As @PhilipDAth and @MRCUR stated, you cannot mix different PHYs. Even if it shows as "up" and somehow manages to pass data (I don't see how) that's not a valid configuration. You need to connect 1Gbps SX to 1Gbps SX and 10Gbps SR to 10Gbps SR. The optics, both speed (1G or 10G) and type (SX, SR, LR, LRM) must match on both ends. I understand you got a port status of "up" when you had a 1GB-SX in the MS225 and 10GB-SR in the MS410, but again that's not a valid configuration.
To see what the Meraki switch "sees" inserted into the SFP cage, click into an individual switch port's status page (the URL will typically end with something like /ports/nn?timespan=86400 where "nn" is the port number you're loooking at). On that page, in the "Status" section, you should see SFP info, typically under the CDP/LLDP info, and mine (I have used both Meraki and Cisco optics) even shows the SFP serial number for example. Hope that helps!