The Cisco Meraki switches work with any vendors' IP phones so long as those phones support the same standards as the switches do - which are pretty much common across all switch manufacturers. In other words it should probably work.
I'm not familiar specifically with Alcatel IP phones but I'd be checking to make sure there are no problems with the cable between the phone and the switch - it is possible to get power and no data. Then I'd check your configuration, does the phone need a voice VLAN configured, does it read the LLDP frames, does it need DHCP options? Is the voice VLAN configured on the Meraki switch, are DHCP servers/forwarders configured for the voice VLAN?