I think I just found my solution. There is a setting that can be changed to change the timeout on the client side. I know there is another value on the Meraki side that you can ask them to modify but this does not apply for this issue.
To change the client side time out I changed the following registry value from 10 to 30. I simulated the outage it did take 30 seconds for the second configured RADIUS to kick in but I was able to hit approve on my mobile device. Hopes this helps someone that has a Meraki MX and is configuring DUO MFA (primary and secondary Duo Proxy Server AKA Meraki RADIUS)
HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\RasMan\PPP:MaxConifgure=30